Vaginismus is a physical or psychological condition that affects a woman’s ability to tolerate vaginal penetration as a result of involuntary vaginal muscle spasms. The involuntary muscle spasm makes penetration painful or impossible, with the reflex often occurring as a result of an object such as a penis, vibrator, tampon, etc. coming towards it. In some case, even the thought of the object can cause the vagina to spasm.
Vaginismus can be either primary or secondary. A woman diagnosed with primary vaginismus has never been able to have penetrative sex or experience vaginal penetration without pain. Secondary vaginismus occurs when a woman who has previously been able to achieve penetration suddenly develops said spasms.
The exact cause of vaginismus is unknown however it’s speculated to result from physical causes such as an infection or trauma. Some cases of vaginismus may be due to psychological issues like fear or anxiety. Other factors may include:
- medical conditions such as pelvic inflammatory disease, ovarian cysts, endometriosis, cancer, urinary tract disorders, etc.
- psycho-physiological reactions to sexual intercourse based on a negative past experience
- sexual trauma
- scarring
- vaginal thinning and dryness
- incomplete sexual arousal
- low estrogen
- inadequate foreplay
- sexually transmitted infections
- allergies to spermicides or latex condoms
- not trusting one’s partner
- body image issues
- misconceptions about sex
- undiscovered or denied sexuality
- conservative family upbringing
- first time sex anxiety
Symptoms of Vaginismus
A burning, ripping, tearing, or aching sensation associated with penetration are all symptoms of vaginismus. The pain can be at the vaginal opening, deep in the pelvis, or anywhere between. It may also be felt throughout the entire pelvic area and the sexual organs and may occur only with deep thrusting.
Treatment for Vaginismus
The treatment for vaginismus is aimed at identifying and properly treating the underlying disorder. For example, medications are usually prescribed to treat any infections. Water-based or silicone-based lubricants may be recommended to help ease vaginal friction and discomfort during intercourse. Vaginal dilation exercises may also be used to treat vaginismus, but such therapy should only be done under the direction of a physician or sex therapist. Sex therapy can also be used to address underlying psychological causes of this condition.
The treatment for secondary vaginismus is the same as for primary vaginismus, although, in these cases, previous experience with successful penetration can assist in a more rapid resolution of the condition. Each case of vaginismus is different and an individualized, comprehensive integrative approach to treatment is the most effective.
Living with vaginismus is nothing to be ashamed of or embarrassed about and the condition can be manageable if you are proactive and stay on top of your health. Work with your physician and/or sex therapist to get treatment, learn what works best for you, and communicate your needs to your partner. You can still maintain a quality sex life, as long as you are willing to go the extra mile to reduce the pain.
Dr. TaMara loves nothing more than talking about sex! At the age of 13, she told her mother she wanted to be a Sex Therapist! Her passion is deeply rooted in spreading messages about healthy sexuality. Dr. TaMara is a sexologist, sex therapist, educator and motivational speaker with more than 20 years of experience speaking, writing and teaching about sexuality. She travels the country helping individuals embrace and honor their sexuality. Dr. TaMara has published numerous books and articles. She is the owner of L.I.F.E. by Dr. TaMara Griffin Live Inspired Feel Empowered LLC-LIFE. She is the Editor-in-Chief of “Our Sexuality!” Magazine, The premiere magazine for women’s sexuality and sexual health. Follow her on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram, http://www.drtamaragriffin.com.
